CARACALLA, MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS°
- CARACALLA, MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS°
- CARACALLA, MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS°, Roman emperor 211–217,
the eldest son of Emperor septimius severus . The reign of
Caracalla was a continuation of the period of rapprochement between the
Roman Empire and the Jewish people begun by his father Severus.
Contemporary legal sources (Corpus Juris Civilis, Digesta
50:2, 3) indicate that both emperors granted Jews honorary offices in
the cities of the Empire on the condition that their religion not come
into play. The Church Father jerome also refers to their
friendship with the Jews in his commentary on Daniel (11:34), and an
inscription found in the Kasyoun synagogue in Galilee (Frey, Corpus, 2,
no. 972) expresses the friendship of the Jews with these two emperors.
Some scholars hold that judah ha-nasi 's friendship with Antoninus
refers to Caracalla, who was also known by this name. According to
Historia Augusta (Caracalla 1:6), Caracalla was a child of
seven when he first disclosed his sympathy toward Jews. This source also
mentions that Septimius Severus agreed that his son was to hold a
triumphal procession, and the Senate voted for a "Jewish triumph"
(Severus 16:6–8). Caracalla's political move to grant Roman citizenship
to all free residents of the empire (212 C.E.)
naturally affected the masses of Jews as
well, and though its purpose was to simplify taxation and legal
procedures in the empire, its effect was that parity was nominally
granted to the Jews for the first time.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
S. Krauss, Antoninus und Rabbi (1910); W. Reusch, Der
historische Wert der Caracallavita in den Scriptores Historiae
Augustae (1913), 10f.; M. Avi-Yonah, Bi-Ymei Roma
u-Vizantiyyon (1952), index; Juster, Juifs, 2 (1914), 23–25,
30–35.
(Menahem Stern)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
Look at other dictionaries:
Caracalla, Marcus Aurelius Antoninus — (186–217) Roman emperor 211–17. Caracalla, who succeeded his father Septimus Severus in 211, continued the policy of rapprochement between the empire and the Jews. It was no longer necessary for a Jew to take the pagan oath before being… … Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament
Caracalla, Marcus Aurelius Antoninus — (186–217) Roman emperor … Bryson’s dictionary for writers and editors
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus — bezeichnet folgende Personen: Mark Aurel (121–180), römischer Kaiser von 161 bis 180 Commodus (161–192), römischer Kaiser von 180 bis 192 Caracalla (188–217), römischer Kaiser von 211 bis 217 Elagabal (204–222), römischer Kaiser von 218 bis 222 … Deutsch Wikipedia
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus — Héliogabale Pour les articles homonymes, voir Élagabal. Héliogabale … Wikipédia en Français
Marcus Aurelius — Not to be confused with Aurelian. Marcus Aurelius 16th Emperor of the Roman Empire Bust of Marcus Aurelius in the Glyptothek, Munich … Wikipedia
MARCUS Aurelius Antonius Bassianus — dictus Caracalla, Severo patri successit, imperavitque A. M. 4174. A. C. 212. Hic Lugauni genitus est, dictusque Bassianus, ex avi materni nomine, Caracalla autem, quod cum e Gallia vestem plurimam devexisset, talaresque caracallas fecisset,… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
Marcus Aurelius Probus — Probus 47th Emperor of the Roman Empire Bust of Probus Reign 276 – September/October, 282 … Wikipedia
CARACALLA — (188 217) empereur romain (211 217) Caracalla retient l’attention, comme Caligula, Domitien ou Commode, parce qu’il joignait un certain déséquilibre psychologique à un pouvoir politique absolu. Il est né à Lyon en 188. Son père, Septime Sévère,… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Caracalla — Empereur romain Buste de Caracalla (musée du Louvre). Règne 26 décembre … Wikipédia en Français
Caracalla — Puschkin Museum Caracalla (* 4. April 188 in Lugdunum, dem heutigen Lyon; † 8. April 217 in Mesopotamien) war von 211 bis zu seinem Tod römischer Kaiser. Sein offizieller Kaisername war Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus. Caracalla … Deutsch Wikipedia